WEDNESDAY'S SCRIPT TIP:

EDGE DEFINES SUBSTANCE


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What makes a film edgy? Risks! The type of risks that most Hollywood films would never consider. If your protagonist has to kill an evil character in the story, it's dull. No drama is involved in that. No real decision. All of us would kill the evil character if we had no other choice. Though we know that killing is wrong, if the person the protagonist has to kill is clearly evil, it's "justified".

But the less evil the antagonist, the more interesting the decision to kill him becomes. Instead of being a typical black hat/white hat Hollywood movie scenario, we're dealing with real moral issues. This becomes a major decision, a life altering event that's loaded with drama. The audience has to think. They have to deal with big questions, rather than just sit back and be entertained.

A few years ago there was a film called ALBINO ALLIGATOR about a trio of robbers who hold a bar hostage. The decision has been made to kill all the hostages, so they can't identify the robbers. One character played by Faye Dunnaway begs for a chance to live. So the robbers make her an offer: If she kills one of the hostages, they'll let her live. Dunnaway will be just as guilty as the robbers and won't go to the police later. Would you kill an innocent man so that you could survive?

Now there's a meaty conflict! That's something that requires the audience to think. To wrestle with moral issues.

THE RIVER'S EDGE

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Many movies are made about "women's issues", there are even two TV networks dedicated to films and stories that focus on that; but movies about "men's issues" are rare. If you watch Spike TV (for men) there is no programming that really deals with the problems of men... and most movies aimed at men are more about explosions or fight scenes or crude humor than issues concerning men. Hollywood will make two dozen movies like IN HER SHOES before they make a single drama about men.

So we have to go back to 1972 to find the last great "men's issues" movie, the adventure film DELIVERANCE written by James Dickey (based on his novel) and directed by John Boorman. This film takes a group of four suburban men to the very edge... then over that edge into the darkness beyond. These four have ventured out of civilization to ride the rapids on an untamed river... about to be dammed and turned into a lake by the power company. Instead, *they* are damned.

DELIVERANCE keeps taking its characters to the limits - pushing them to their breaking points, and thereby exposing character. Not surface character... the deep character buried within. The soul of the character. The essence. By taking the characters to the very edge... then over... we find out who they really are. Without the white water raft trip and the events that happen on that river - if had they spent the day at home in the suburbs watching the football game on TV - we would have never have found that edge and known these characters as well as we do. We need to take characters to their limits - right up to the edge.

Our four suburban guys are a mix off different types, creating contrast and conflict between them before they hit any rough water. Lewis (Burt Reynolds) is an adrenaline junkie who is always trying to push himself to the limit... and beyond. His best friend Ed (Jon Voight) was an outdoor guy before settling down - now his hunting bow is in disrepair. Drew (Ronny Cox) the quiet guitar playing guy is religious. Bobby (Ned Beatty) is the chubby city slicker - completely out of his element... and nervous. When things go wrong on the rapids, each brings a different perspective to the problem.

We also learn their secrets along the way - Ed may own a hunting bow, but he can't bring himself to kill a living thing... he chokes when he has a perfect shot at a deer. These character secrets aren't just there to give us information about the guys - they are also set ups that pay off later in the story.

OVER THE EDGE

To expose and explore the characters - to find out what they are really made of - the story pushes them *way* over the edge... Bobby and Ed bump into a pair of hillbilly hunters in the woods. The hillbillies threaten them. At first hey think it's because they may have a still hidden in the woods... but that's not far enough over the edge.

They tie Ed to a tree with his own belt, then force Bobby at gunpoint to take off his clothes... "Them panties, take ‘em off." What follows is probably one of the most difficult to watch scenes in the history of cinema. It doesn't just take you to the edge, it goes *way* over that edge. The lead hillbilly grabs Bobby, takes down his underpants, and sodomizes him. It's not quick. Bobby tries to get away. The hillbilly catches him, holds on to him, rides him... as Ed watches, helpless. The hillbilly forces Bobby to squeal like a pig as he rapes him.

Our four white water rafters have just entered hell - and how they react will tell us about their characters. The story has removed layers of civilization... taken us to some primal place where what we pretend to be has been stripped away, leaving only what we are. How will these four deal with this?

Just as the hillbillies are preparing to rape Ed ("Got a real pretty mouth, ain't he?"), Lewis comes out of the woods with his bow and shoots the lead hillbilly through the chest. Ed wrestles the gun away from the other hillbilly (it's a struggle - not easy), who then runs away - disappears into the woods. But, as legend tells us, it takes three arrows to kill a man... and the lead hillbilly only has one arrow in him. He staggers around - combining threat with regret. These civilized men have killed. Except the guy won't die. He staggers around - Ed keeping the shotgun on him but afraid to shoot - until the hillbilly collapses on a tree. How will our four deal with killing a man?

EDGE CREATES DRAMA

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If these four guys had just stayed home in Atlanta and watched the football game, we would never have learned as much about them, and the story would not have been as dramatic. By taking the story so far over the edge, to each character's breaking point, it explodes into drama.

Now our four must decide what to do with the dead hillbilly.

Drew wants to report this to the police.

Lewis thinks telling the police what happened is just going to screw up Bobby even more... plus, if this ever goes to trial, would the other hillbillies on the jury do the right thing?

Ed doesn't know what to do - he's on the fence between civilization and this primal world they have found themselves in.

Bobby? He's happy the guy is dead. In fact, he'd like to kill him again.

The argument over what to do with the dead hillbilly - where each of the four gets right in each other's face over how to solve this problem - lasts seven minutes. Most of that is between Lewis and Drew arguing between the law of society and the law of the jungle. A big, juicy, dramatic scene... ending with a vote. The decision comes down to Ed - our identification character. What should he do? There is no easy decision, no right decision, no safe decision. Ed decides to bury the hillbilly and try to forget that any of this ever happened - even though he knows that's not possible.

Even the burial scene is dramatic - because they are burying the evidence of their crime. And they get filthy digging the hole. And the hillbilly's hand springs out of the earth - and must be *pushed down* - forced into the earth. Not an easy burial.

Afterwards, Ed can't seem to get the earth off his hands no matter how hard he scrubs them in the river. Drew can't cope with what he's done, is practically comatose.

MORE SHARP EDGES

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But it's not over. They still have to fight the river to make it back to civilization... and the hillbillies may be chasing them. They hit a stretch of dangerous rapids. Drew ends up in the water - shot by a hillbilly? One of the canoes tears in half, ejecting Bobby and Lewis. Ed keeps hold of his bow... and becomes the new leader - Lewis has a badly broken leg - bone tearing through flesh. All that's left of Drew is his broken guitar.

Lewis believes Drew was shot by a hillbilly on the cliff overlooking them... convinces Bobby and Ed that they have to deal with the hillbilly if they hope to survive. Now it's up to Ed to climb the face of a cliff with his bow and kill the hillbilly. This is a great man against nature scene - a suburban man fighting the face of a cliff, fighting gravity, fighting the elements... as he climbs the sheer wall of the cliff.

Halfway up, dead tired, Ed pulls out his wallet to look at a photo of his wife and son. Everything that is important to him. His reasons to live. As he hangs on the side of the cliff looking at the photo, he loses his grip... and the photo falls hundreds of feet to the rapids below. He's lost them. Maybe he's lost himself, too.

He still has to climb to the top of the cliff.

He still has to kill the hillbilly who shot Drew.

But we know his secret - he can't kill a living thing.

When the hillbilly with the rifle spots him, Ed has trouble shooting his arrow - his hand is shaking like crazy. This is not an easy thing to do... and becomes even more difficult when the hillbilly fires his gun at him. Ed fires an arrow... then falls on his bow and quiver - another arrow piercing his side. He's shot a man, and shot himself as well! But the hillbilly is still staggering - in this movie, killing a bad guy isn't clean and simple. Isn't black and white. Isn't easy - physically or morally. Ed must grab his hunting knife and go to finish him off...

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And that's when he discovers that he's probably killed the wrong man. Oops! The hillbilly who got away was toothless, the man he killed has teeth. Ed realizes he's a murderer.

He lowers the hillbilly's body down the cliff into the water... but when he tries to climb down the cliff, his rope breaks and he ends up falling into the river - and tangling himself up with the dead hillbilly's body. He's tied to this dead man...

Ed sinks the hillbilly's body into the river and they take the remaining canoe down river to civilization... finding Drew's body along the way. Not shot. "Oh, God, there's no end to it," Bobby says. Things just keep getting worse - further over the edge - deeper into hell. There is no easy way out... no easy decisions.

Even when they make it back to civilization, the danger isn't over - the difficult decisions aren't over, they are still way over the ege.

The more difficult the decision the character has to make, the more the audience has to think about the question... the more edgy the script. The further characters we care about are pushed to the edge, the more dramatic and emotional the story becomes. We rip through the layers of armor to find the true character underneath it all. We force the audience to wonder what they would do in the situation. We create bih, meaty dramatic scenes. Edge defines substance - if you aren't pushing the characters to the edge, you aren't going to find the meat of the story.

Four suburban men from Atlanta on a weekend canoe trip. No big effects. No CGI. No car chases. No explosions. No mega-villains. Just character.

Are you pushing your characters far enough?



NEWEST AND BLUEST!

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IS HALF OF YOUR STORY IN TROUBLE?

Most screenplays are about a 50/50 split between dialogue and description - which means your description is just as important as your dialogue. It just gets less press because the audience never sees it, the same reason why screenwriters get less press than movie stars. But your story will never get to the audience until readers and development executives read your script... so it is a very important factor. Until the movie is made the screenplay is the movie and must be just as exciting as the movie. So how do you make your screenplay exciting to read? Description is important in a novel as well, and the “audience” does read it... how do we write riveting description?

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GRAND FINALES Blue Book!

The Perfect Ending For Your Story!

The First Ten Pages Of Your Screenplay Are Critical,
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All About LOGLINES, TREATMENTS, and PITCHING!

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LOGLINES, TREATMENTS, and PITCHING! Blue Book!

Distilling Your Screenplay!

Loglines, Treatments, Pitching, Look Books, Pitch Decks, One Pagers, Rip-O-Matics?

You have written a brilliant 110 page screenplay, but how do you get anyone to read it? You need to distill it down into some form of verbal moonshine or story rocket fuel that will ignite that bored development executive or manager or agent and get them to request your screenplay. But how do you shrink those 110 pages into a 25 word logline or a 2 minute elevator pitch or a one page synopsis or a short paragraph? This 100,000 word book shows you how! Everything you need to know! From common logline mistakes (and how to solve them) to how your pitch can reveal story problems to the 4 types of pitches!

272 Pages - ONLY $4.99!


READY TO BREAK IN? bluebook

THE BUISINESS SIDE

*** BREAKING IN BLUE BOOK *** - For Kindle!


Should really be called the BUSINESS BLUE BOOK because it covers almost everything you will need to know for your screenwriting career: from thinking like a producer and learning to speak their language, to query letters and finding a manager or agent, to making connections (at home and in Hollywood) and networking, to the different kinds of meetings you are will have at Studios, to the difference between a producer and a studio, to landing an assignment at that meeting and what is required of you when you are working under contract, to contracts and options and lawyers and... when to run from a deal! Information you can use *now* to move your career forward! It's all here in the Biggest Blue Book yet!

Print version was 48 pages, Kindle version is over 400 pages!

$4.99 - and no postage!




hcd

FINAL DRAFT SOFTWARE

Use your creative energy to focus on the content; let Final Draft take care of the style. Final Draft is the number-one selling application specifically designed for writing movie scripts, television episodics and stage plays. Its ease-of-use and time-saving features have attracted writers for almost two decades positioning Final Draft as the Professional Screenwriters Choice. Final Draft power users include Academy, Emmy and BAFTA award winning writers like Oliver Stone, Tom Hanks, Alan Ball, J.J. Abrams, James Cameron and more. * * * Buy It!

copyright 2023 by William C. Martell


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SECRETS OF ACTION SCREENWRITING

bluebook IT'S BACK! SECRETS OF ACTION SCREENWRITING
Over 460 pages packed with tips and techniques. How to write a plot twist, the four kinds of suspense (and how to create it), reversals, ten ways to invent new action scenes, secrets and lies, creating the ultimate villain, five kinds of love interests, MORE! CLICK HERE!

CLASSES ON MP3

Class MP3s CLASSES ON MP3! Take a class on MP3! GUERRILLA MARKETING - NO AGENT? NO PROBLEM! and WRITING THRILLERS (2 MP3s). Full length classes on MP3. Now Available: IDEAS & CREATIVITY, WRITING HORROR, WRITING INDIE FILMS, more!
Take classes on MP3!

MY OTHER SITES

B MOVIE WORLD
Cult Films, Exploitation, Bikers & Women In Prison, Monster Movies.

FIRST STRIKE PRODUCTIONS
Producing my own scripts, investment possibilities, pipe dreams.

NAKED SCREENWRITING MP3s

Naked Class The NAKED SCREENWRITING CLASS ON MP3! The 2001 London Class on 8 MP3s! Recorded *live* the morning after the Raindance Film Festival wrapped. The two day class on 8CD worth, plus a workbook, plus a bonus CD.
The 2 Day Class on MP3!

ONLINE CLASSES
Furious Action Class
BILL'S CORNER

My nineteen produced films, interviews with me in magazines, several sample scripts, my available scripts list... And MORE!
...............................BILL'S CORNER


Available Scripts

E BOOKS PAGE

bluebook E BOOKS: New Blue Books and Novelettes!
I am expanding all of the Blue Books from around 44 pages of text to around 200 pages! Some are over 250 pages! See what is availabale and what is coming soon!Also, I've been writing Novelletes and there will soon be novels.
E BOOKS: BLUE BOOKS & NOVELLETES

BOOKLETS & PRODUCTS

bluebook FIRST STRIKE BLUE BOOKS
Each Blue Book is 48 pages and focuses on a different aspect of screenwriting. Dialogue. Visual Storytelling. Your First Ten Pages. Act 2 Booster. Protagonists. Great Endings.
Seventeen Blue Books now available!

THE SECRETS OF ACTION SCREENWRITING OUT OF PRINT!